Traditional filtration equipment faces serious blocking risks and frequent maintenance when handling feed liquid with high solid loading, high viscosity or large particulate matters. Tubular membrane, characterized by large flow channels and robust mechanical strength, becomes an ideal solution for these tough separation tasks. This paper illustrates the structural features, working mechanism, key operating parameters, anti-fouling advantages and typical industrial applications of tubular membrane systems. It also compares tubular membranes with hollow fiber and spiral-wound membranes, and introduces proper cleaning strategies to maintain stable long-run flux.
Crude herbal extract often presents dark color caused by macromolecular pigments, tannin polymers and humus‑like substances. Conventional decolorization relies heavily on activated carbon adsorption, which leads to effective ingredient loss, disposable carbon waste and complicated post‑treatment. Nanofiltration membrane realizes physical decolorization by molecular weight cut‑off difference. It intercepts most high‑molecular‑weight pigments while retaining majority of target active components. This article discusses the mechanism of nanofiltration decolorization, compares with activated carbon process, analyzes influencing factors such as temperature, pH and transmembrane pressure, and states application value for herbal and plant extract factories.