Traditional butanediol purification processes suffer from high energy consumption and heavy chemical usage. Membrane separation technology provides a physical, low‑energy purification solution for dark‑colored crude butanediol feed liquid. By intercepting pigments and macromolecular impurities, the process produces high‑quality light‑yellow permeate, while impurities are enriched in retentate liquid. This article introduces the working principle, key advantages and application scenarios of membrane‑based butanediol decolorization and impurity removal. Lab tests with real feedstock are suggested to optimize industrial process design.